JOHN KELSALL c1780 - 1850

                         
          In  describing John Kelsall, it may be as well to work  backwards,
at  least  in  part,  in  describing what is known of this individual.  John
Kelsall died on 23rd October 1850 at Vine street, Shelton, Stoke on Trent of
"Hydrothorax" which event was registered by one Joseph Kelsall, described as
being "present at the death". John's occupation is given as  Fishmonger  and
his   age   at  death  was  said  to have been 70. This would give a date of
birth  between  24th  October  1779 and 23rd October 1780. It is unfortunate
that John did not survive another eight months until  after  the  Census  of
1851 as that would have given his age. It would also have acted as  a  check
on  the  information  on  the death certificate.

Black's Medical Dictionary defines Hydrothorax as:

           . . .  a collection of fluid in the pleural cavities.

          The  William  Salt  Library  in  Stafford contains a collection of
material  of local history information including a collection of brief death
notices from the local Newspaper, The  Staffordshire  Advertiser,  from  the
beginning  of  the  nineteenth  century.   On the 24/3/1990 I found two such
notices:

"On the 23rd ultimo [October 1850] John Kelsall Fishmonger  of  Vine  street
Shelton aged 70 years."

"On  the  3rd  Instant  [January  1848]  Elizabeth,  wife  of  John Kelsall,
fishmonger, Shelton aged 68."
                                   [Staffs. County Record Office; 24/3/1990]

          I  checked  these notices with the Burials Register for the Parish
Church of St. Mark, Shelton on the  24th  March, 1990  but  found  no  extra
information  other than the burials took place a few days after the dates of
death.

          I have found what appears to be a reference to the family of  John
Kelsall in the 1841 Census:

..                       [Hanley, Horace Berks Reference Library, 26/6/1987]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|1841 Census HO 107  992 [taken  6/6/1841]                                 | 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------´
| S.R.D.:                           Parish               :                  | 
| R.D.  :                           Ecclesiastical Distr.:                  | 
|                                   City,Borough         :Stoke on Trent    | 
|                                   Town,Village         :Shelton           | 
| E.D.        :                                                             | 
| folio       :                                                             | 
| Schedule nr.:                                                             | 
| Address     : Vine street                                                 | 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------´
| Occupants                |  Age| Q.T. or P:         | Born in this county?   | 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|  John      Kelsall       |  60 |  Fishmonger        |  Yes                   | 
|  Elizabeth    "          |  63 |                    |  do.                   | 
|  Joseph       "          |  25 |  Fishmonger        |  do.                   | 
|  William      "          |   8 |                    |  do.                   | 
|  James     Gelling       |  20 |  M[ale] S[ervant]  |  do.                   | 
|  Sarah     Boutree       |  15 |  F[emale] S[ervant]|  do.                   | 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          The difficulty with the 1841 Census is that ages were rounded down
to the nearest 5 years except for those under fifteen for  whom  exact  ages
should  be  given.

          So, the suggested family of John and Elizabeth includes Joseph who
appears  to  have  been  born  sometime between 1811 and 1816 as well as one
William who appears to have been born about 1833.  I  shall  have  something
more  to  add about John and Elizabeth's children and about William a little
further on.

          It seems to be the case that John Kelsall was baptised in 1780  or
1781. John may well have been the John Kelshall who was baptised on the 16th
September 1781, the son of Thomas and Sarah Kelshall, and who figures to the
end  of  a  detailed and apparently accurate pedigree chart compiled in  the
late  1820's  or  early  1830's and which is also to be found in the William
Salt Library, Stafford.  John Kelsall married in St. Peter's parish  Church,
Stoke on Trent in July 1799. His bride was, it seems, Elizabeth Ratcliffe.

          There appears to have been an older son, Thomas who  was  baptised
on  the  5th October 1799 at St.Peter's, Stoke on Trent. This Thomas Kelsall
moved to Chester where he married and had a business as a Fishmonger.

          On  the  30th  March 1989, I checked the (micro-film) copy Baptism
Register for the Parish Church of Lane End, Longton, Stoke on Trent starting
at 6th January 1799:

(Staffs  County  Record  Office  ref.:  D3276/1/1/2)

1800 Sarah   dau of John &        Kelsal Labr.    Nov.  9
1801 Sarah   dau of John & Elizth Kelsal Labourer May  22
1803 Richard son of John & Elizth Kelsal Carrier  June  3

- there was only one other Kelsall entry (up to 3rd Jan 1813):

1806 Nathan  son of Chas.&        Kelsal Labr.    March 9


          On  the  3rd April 1989 at the Lichfield Joint  Record  Office,  I
checked the Bishop's Transcripts for the Parish of Hanley:

1803
 Oct  7 James  son of Ralph & Anne Kelsow

1804
 Feb 20 Thomas  son of William & Clementina Kelsey

1806
 Oct 26 Sarah   dau of Ralph & Anne Kelso

1807
 Nov  8 John    son of John & Elizabeth Kelso
 Dec 13 Andrew  son of William & Clementina Kelsell

1808
 May 29 Jane    dau of George & Susanna Kelsell
 Oct 30 Eliza   dau of Daniel & Anne Kelsille

1809
 Mar  5 Hamlet  son of Richard & Mary Kelsall
 Aug  7 William son of John & Elizabeth Kelso, Shelton, born Jan 3, 1809

1810
 Aug 19 Mary    dau of William & Christina Kelsall, Hanley born July 27, 1810
 Dec 16 William son of George & Susanna Kelsall, Hanley, born Nov 22, 1810
 Dec 16 William son of Richard & Alice Kelsall, Hanley, born Nov 30, 1809

1811
 Dec  1 George   son of George & Susanna Kelsall, Hanley, born Nov 25, 1811

1813
 Jan 10 Peter    son of Richard & Alice Kelsall, Hanley, Collier
 Aug  2 Sarah    dau of William & Clementina Kelsall, Hanley, Potter
 Oct 10 Anne     dau of John & Hannah Kelsall, Hanley, Soldier

1814
 Feb 13 Margaret dau of Thomas & Mary Kelsall, Hanley, Collier
 Apr 14 Mary     dau of George & Susanna Kelsall, Hanley, Collier
 Aug  4 Richard  son of Thomas & Mary Kelsall, Hanley, Collier
 Dec  3 Lucy     dau of William & Clementina Kelsall, Hanley, Potter
 Dec  6 Thomas   son of Thomas & Mary Kelsall, Hanley, Collier

          John Kelsall is mentioned in a number of Trade Directories:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..        [L.J.R.O. 8/9/88]
|                                                                           |
|'1818  Parson & Bradshaw: Staffordshire Directory:'                       |
|                                                                          |
|:4 Hanley and Shelton                                                     |
|                                                                          |
| Kelsall, Thomas                      Piccadilly,  Shelton                |
| Kelsall, John      Fishmonger        Vine Street, Shelton                |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..        [Hanley, Horace Berks Reference Library, 26/6/1987]
|                                                                          |
|'1822-3 Newcastle and Pottery Directory:'                                   |
|                                                                          |
|Shelton (Hanley &)                                                        |
|                                                                          |
|Kelshall John       Fishmonger        Vine street                         |
|   "     Richard    Presser           Broad street                        |
|   "     Thomas     Grocer            Piccadilly                          |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..
|                                                                          |
|'1829  Pigot Directory of Staffordshire:'                                   |
|                                                                          |
|:.........................................                                |
|                                                                          |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..        [L.J.R.O. 8/9/88]
|                                                                          |
|'1834 White's  Staffordshire:' [etc.]                                       |
|                                                                          |
|Hanley & Shelton                                                          |
|                                                                          |
|Fruiterers:                                                               |
|                                                                          |
|Kelsall  Wm.                          Brunswick St S                      |
|                                                                          |
|Beer Houses:                                                              |
|                                                                          |
|Kelsall  George                       Union Street                        |
|Kelsall  Wm.                          Piccadilly                          |
|                                                                          |
|Shopkeepers                                                               |
|                                                                          |
|Kelsall  Thomas                       Bow Street                          |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..        [Hanley, Horace Berks Reference Library, 26/6/1987]
|                                                                          |
|'1835   Pigot Directory of Staffordshire:' [etc.]                           |
|                                                                          |
|Kelsall  John       Fishmonger        Vine street                         |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..
|                                                                          |
|'1841   Pigot's Royal National & Commercial Directory:'                     |
|                                                                          |
|Kelsell  John       Fishmonger        Vine street, Shelton                |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..        [Hanley, Horace Berks Reference Library, 26/6/1987]
|                                                                          |
|'1846   Williams' Hanley Directory:'                                        |
|                                                                          |
|Kelsall  Clementina Shopkeeper        Bow street Hanley                   |
|   "     John       Fishmonger        Crown Bank                          |
|                                                                          |
|                  Burslem:                                                |
|                                                                          |
|Kelsall  Charles (Cartwright J.& Co.) Hot Lane                            |
|         Richard    Fishmonger        Queen street                        |
|                                                                          |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

LAND TAX RETURNS 1797 - 1831 (checked on the 29/3/1989)

The folowing entries were found:

1815 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------´
|       |Biddulph Ricd.|Ricd. Kelshall|            |#   /  /   |#  /  / 6d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1816 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------´
|       |Biddulph Ricd.|Ricd. Kelshall|            |#   /  /   |#  /  / 6d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1817 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------´
|       |Birch Edmd John|John Kelshall|            |#   /  /   |#  /  / 6d|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------´
|       |Biddulph Rich.|Richard Kelshall|          |#   / 6/   |#  / 6/   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1818 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Birch Ed. Ino.|John  Kelshall|            |#   / 6/   |#  / 6/   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Biddulph Ricd.|Richd Kelshall|            |#   /  / 6d|#  /  / 6d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1819 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Birch E.J.    |John  Kelshall|            |    --     |#  /  / 6d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1820 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Birch E.J.    |John  Shortes |            |#   / 6/   |#  / 6/   |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1821, 1822, 1823, 1824, 1825: no relevant entries.

1826 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Stephen Mayer |Thos.Shufflebotham|[House] |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |              |Richd. Kelshall|House      |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Ra. Kelshall  |Richd. Kelshall|House      |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Jno. Jackson  |Wm.    Kelshall|House      |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTE: the entry for "Ra. Kelshall" appears to be spurious, see below.

1827 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Stephen Mare  |Richd. Kelsall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P.  1]|              |Richd. Kelsall|            |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P. 10]|Ra. Biddulph  |Rd.    Kelsall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P. 11]|John Jackson  |Wm.    Kelsall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1828 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P.  2]|Benjn. Godwin |Ricd. Kelshall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P. 11]|John Jackson  |Wm.  Kellshall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1829 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|       |Benjn. Godwin |Richd. Kelsall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P. 10]|John Jackson  |Willm. Kelsall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1830 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P.  2]|Benjn. Godwin |Richd. Kelsall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|[P. 10]|John Jackson  |Wm.   Kellsall|House       |#   /  /   |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1831 Land Tax return for Hanley, Stoke on Trent:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Rental:|Proprietor:   |Occupier:     |Description:|Exonerated:|Assessed: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|     28|Benj. Godwin  |Richd. Kelsall|House       |    --     |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
|    314|John Jackson  |Wm.    Kelsall|House       |    --     |#  /  / 3d|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          In  view of the absence of John Kelsall up to 1817 and after 1819,
it  would  appear that the family must have lived elsewhere in the Potteries
than Hanley, which would suggest an explanation for the possible absence  of
the  baptism  for Joseph (1811 - 1866) and further daughters. That of course
begs the question: where were they living? It will be obvious  by  now  that
the family was quite mobile within a small area of the Potteries if, indeed,
that  is  the  right interpretation to place upon the evidence of the Parish
Registers and the Land Tax records.

          Both John and Elizabeth are buried in the now cleared graveyard of
St.Mark's, Shelton, Stoke-on-Trent. No gravestones appear to  have  survived
and  I  am  not  aware  of any transcriptions which may help with additional
information about John and Elizabeth's family.

          In   the  Pedigree prepared in the late 1820's there are mentioned
certain brothers and sisters of John (baptised 16 Sept  1781), namely:

1781 Septr. 16 Richd. son      of Thos. Kelsall Bap Stoke
   [no date]   John   son      of Thos. Kelsall Bap Stoke
   [no date]   Thos.  son      of Thos. Kelsall Bap Stoke
   [no date]   Mary   daughter of Thos. Kelsall Bap Stoke
   [no date]   Sarah  daughter of Thos. Kelsall Bap Stoke

          I  have checked the printed Parish Registers for Stoke St.Peter ad
Vincula and found the following entries which appear to show  the  following
children of Thomas and Sarah Kelsall:

Christenings:

1779      April 18  Rich., of Tho & Sarah Kelsall

1781      Sept. 16  John, of Tho. & Sarah Kelshall

..Burial:
..
..1782      Mar.   7  Wm. Kelshall
..
..Christenings:
..
1784      Feb.  22  Thos., of Tho. & Sarah Kelshall

1785      Aug.   7  Eliz. of Tho. & Mary Kelshall

..          The I.G.I. shows only the following as brothers of John:
..
..----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..|Name:            |M:Male       |T|Event date:|Town, Parish: |Source:      |
..|                 |F:Female     |y|           |              |             |
..|                 ------------- |p|           |              ---------------
..|                 |Father:    | |e|           |              |Batch: |Ser  |
..|                 |    Mother:| | |           |              |       | -ial|
..----------------------------------------------------------------------------
..|Rich.    Kelsell |Tho.  Sarah|M|C|18 Apr 1779|Stoke on Trent|P009961|12551|
..|John     Kelshall|Tho   Sarah|M|C|16 Sep 1781|Stoke on Trent|P009962|12984|
..|Tho.     Kelshall|Tho.  Sarah|M|C|22 Feb 1784|Stoke on Trent|P009961|13386|
..----------------------------------------------------------------------------

          It   appears   therefore that the Pedigree is inaccurate as to the
date of Richard's baptism but  contains  additional  information  about  two
daughters. I  have  not,  as  yet,  checked through the Bishop's Transcripts
for the time, but suspect that I may  yet  find  one  or  both  the  missing
daughters.   Both the Pedigree and the Parish Register have their faults but
I am inclined to accept the Pedigree as correct as that was  compiled  by  a
person or persons more contemporary with the events it seeks to list and was
compiled  as  part  of  Legal  proceedings  where  the existence of fault or
inaccuracy would probably be fatal to the party's position.

          As  to  proof  of  the identity of the parents of John Kelsall, as
yet,  I  am still without direct proof. There does not appear to be any Will
or other legal document which would show at least a prima  facie  case  that
John is the son of one Thomas and Sarah Kelsall.  I  am  left  with  several
pointers. Firstly, even the latest ('92) edition of the I.G.I. does not show
any  other reasonable alternatives - admittedly arguing a negative like that
is difficult and no  doubt  ultimately  unsustainable  for  several  reasons
principally the limitations of the I.G.I. and the survival of documents even
allowing for perfect recording of every such baptism. Secondly, the usage in
the  known  descendants  of  a  certain  pattern  of  names especially John,
Richard, Joseph and Thomas, although the use of Joseph was  less  common  in
this  family  lineage.   Thirdly,  the  reported  death in the Staffordshire
Advertiser for a Thomas Kelsall in 1826 and a Sarah Kelsall in 1830:

--------------------------------------------------------
|30 Sep 1826                                           |
|Died                                                  |
|On Wednesday  at  Shelton  after a short illness, and |
|at an advanced age, Mr. Thomas Kelsall.               |
--------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------
|29 May 1830                                           |
|Died                                                  |
|On Thursday morning, Mrs. Sarah Kelsall, widow of the |
|late Mr. Thos. Kelsall, Piccadilly, Shelton, aged 77  |
|years.                                                |
--------------------------------------------------------

          Again,  if only the writer of the notice for Thomas  had  included
the  age!

          On  the  15th August 1995, I checked a number of Burials Registers
at Stafford C.R.O. for the burial of Thomas and Sarah Kelsall, to  check  if
in any entry for the burial of Thomas, his age was given. There was no trace
in  Stoke  St.   Peter  ad Vincula, Hanley St.  John or Burslem St. John for
either burial. The next check will be of the  B.Ts,  although  it  seems  at
least  likely  that  both Thomas and Sarah were buried in Hanley St. John in
which case the disastrous fire in 1842 will account for the absence  of  the
relevant  entries.   In the extract of the Victoria History of the County of
Stafford Volume VIII (reprinted 1983 by  Staffordshire  County  Library)  on
page 154 it is stated that:

          The registers [of St. John The Evangelist] date from 1754.24

          24  S.W.Hutchinson, 'Archdeaconry  of  Stoke  on Trent', 129, ...
          states that much was burnt during the riots of 1842.

          However, using the naming pattern, the deaths recorded in 1826 and
1830,  the  abodes  of both Thomas and  Sarah, the unlikely possibility that
there were TWO couples both named Thomas and Sarah both living in  the  same
area   of   the   Potteries  at  approximately  the  same  time,   and   the
approximate age for Thomas by implication from that of Sarah, I would submit
that   there  is  circumstantial  evidence pointing to the identification of
these two as the parents of John Kelsall (1780 - 1850).
 

          Whilst writing this section, I decided to check the Pedigree chart
and reminded myself that the chart states that:

"Thos Kelsall Burried at Shelton Chappil"

It also states that:

"Richard Kelsall Burried Stoke"

-  this  Richard  Kelsall  is  the  brother  of John (1780 -  1850)  and had
clearly died by the time this pedigree was compiled or shortly afterwards.

          I have a copy of a Will and grant of Probate  from  the  Lichfield
Joint Record Office for a Thomas Kelsall who appears to have died  in  April
1826 leaving a widow, Mary, to whom the grant was made  on  Oct  26th  1826.
This  Thomas,  however  does not appear to be 'Family'. There is though, the
Thomas Kelsall whose death is noted in the Staffordshire Advertiser for 30th
Sep. 1826 noted already

To continue......